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-Oct. 12 1926. Re, 16,437

. c. L. RAYFIELD v THERMAL CONTROLLED CIRCULATING sYsrEu Original Filed Dec. 26, 1915 Reiaued Oct. 12, 1926.

UNITED STATES CHARLIE In. YIELD, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ABSIGNOB To sum W110 PATENT OFFICE.

TUBING 001mm, OF CHICAGO, ILLIIOIS, A CORPORATION OI ILLII'OIS.

TKlBm-OOHTBOLLED OIBOULA'IING SYBTRI.

Original 10. 1,885,391, dated latch 80, 1920, Serial. Io. 138,808, fled December 26, 1016. Application for reissue fled Inch 24, 10:8. Serial I0. 540,518.

M invention relates to an improvement in t ermal-controlled circulating systems, particularl for internal combustion engines, and the o jects of my improvements are,

i first, to provide a construction whereby to prevent a cooling medium circulating through the radiator of an automobile immediately the engine stops, to conserve the heat in the liquid which surrounds the engine 10 cylinders, and thus obviate heat transfer from the cooling medium through the radiator to the atmosphere; second, to afford means for the re lation of the de ee of heat at which a t ermal element wi make 1 operable additional means for changing\ the path of travel of the cooling medium; t ird,

the provision of thermal-controlled means to operate a valve to permit the passage of a force. to actuate the additional means for operatin a valve disposed in the ath of travel 0 the cooling medium whic additional means is operable only upon and after the cooling medium has reached a predetermined degree of heat and during the continuance in operation of the engine; fourth, the production of suitable parts to get the temperature of the en e cooling medium up to say 170 to 180 egrees Fahrenheit, as quickly as possible, and to maintainsuch'templerature as being as lon as possible after t e engine is shut down; fth, to produce a structure suitable to automatically supply water vapor or other fluid, after being heated, to the fuel mixture to revent pre-ignition and to minimize carbonization of the motor.

With the above and other objects in view, my invention consists in the novel features, and in the novel mode of operation, and in the novel combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, and particularly pointed out in the claims hereunto appended.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of the front end of an automobile with the working parts assembled.

Figure 2 is a vertical central section with the parts shown in normal positions.

Figure 3 is a sectional detail of a modified form of mounting and operation of the valve in the cooling medium passage.

Like numerals refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In the embodiment chosen to exemplify my present invention, broadly stated, there is an automobile gas engine of the water cooled type and a radiator with suitable pipe connections between theradiator and the liquid passages in the water jackets of the engine cylin ers with thermal-controlled valve mechanism disposed in the liquid circuit and having a thermal-controlled member which at the predetermined. temperature' of the cooling medium renders operative a force to actuate an additional member to open a valve normally opposed to the passage of the cooling medium to or from the r iator. In cases where it ma be desired the so-called additional mem er is employed to overn the flow of water vapor or other fluid through roper conduit from a source of liquid supp y into a fuel mixing chamber.

The engine cylinders 4 are provided with water jackets 5, fuel intake manifold 6, carbureter 7, radiator 8, pipe 9, from the lower end of the radiator to the pump 10, water intake pipe 11 from the pump to the water jacket 5, water outlet manifold 12, a section of flexible pipe 13, continuing the water outlet to and connected with a thermal-controlled valve-mechanism in the casing 14, and pipe 15, connect' the casing 14 with the upper end of the i -h diator 8, and a flexible by-pass ipe 16 connected to the nipple of theevice 14 at one end and attached at its opposite end to the pipe 9.

The pi e 17 is connected at the point 18 of the va ve mechanism 14, andat 19 with the fuel intake manifold 6.

The casing 14 is com sed of upper and lower portlons X, secured together through their externally flan ed portions by screws 21 or other preferre means and the two portions afford suitable housing for the thermal element 22 and the mechanical element 23 contained therein.

The nipple 24 is formed at the intake end and the nipple 25 is formed at the discharge end of the lower portion Y of the casing 14, which, preferably is tubular in form and somewhat enlarged adjacent the position of the thermal element 22. The upper portion X of the casing 14 preferably is cylindrical to conform to the diaphragm or mechanical element 23.

For the performance of mechanical work, I employ what is termed a digphragm or mechanical element 23 which pre erablv consists of a number of thin sheets or d 26, preferably of flexible metal, each disk havmg an axial opening 27 therethrough, except thelast one, and each disk having its inner edges 28 and outer edges 29 annularly flanged oppositely, and secured together at the inner and outer flanged edges, but in a manner free to yield to pressure on one side or the other, particularly to yield to the influence of a partial vacuum or the direct expansive force of a fluid under compression, after a sh ht modification of the structure herein set orth, for the purpose of utilizing the contraction or expansion of the element 23 to give movement to anythi fixed to the last one 30 of the series of di especially to byas the cooling medium from the norma course through the radiator whenever the englme stopped; and, when desired,

to govern t e flow of water va 1- or other fluid to be incorporated with t 'e fuel mixture after such vapor or other fluid has reached a predetermined degree of heat.

n reference to the drawing, in Fig. 2, it will appear every other air chamber 31 is hermetically sealed, and every other open air space 32 will permit contraction and exansion of the hermetically sealed air chamhers 31. The stem 33 is fixed at 34 to the outer surface of the disk 30 by solder, brazing or the like, and terminates in a flattened portion 35 to which is pivoted link 36 havmg its outer end 37 in operative ment with the bell crank 38 which is carried by the butter-fl valve 39, fulcrumed at 40 in the walls 0 the tubular ortion Y. A re silient member 41' is attac ed at one end to the arm 42 of the hell crank carried by the valve 39 and at the other end to the post 43 and constantly urges the valve 39 to closed position. The link 36 is movable in the The top wall of the portion X of casing 14 is provided with bore 46 to receive the plug 47 which has a. bore 48 to receive the stem 33. The plug 47 is threaded at its lower end 49 and is made air tight by the em loyment of nut 50 and et 51.

L.h0u1d the user want to introduce water vapor into the carbu'reter'to-be incorporated with the fuel mixture it is only 11 rv to extend upwardly the plug 47, form-aneunular recess 52 in the stem 33 form a passage 53 through the upper end of the plug 47, ipe communication 54 from the radiator to t e p 53 in the plug 47 and also provide pipe 55 fromthe we: 53 to the carbureter 7 at 56.

The rib 57 is bored to'fo'rm the passage 58 which communicates with the interior of element 23 through aperture 59. v

The hermetically sealed thermal element 22 is substantially of known construction of thermostat and the details for that reason are not set forth.- Preferably it comprises a thin sheet metal spun hollow construction having a chamber 60 filled with a liquid having a high coeflicient of ex ansion, such as alcohol or a more volatile hquid, if we vferred. At its lower end there is a was 61 fixed centrally to the outer end wall of the chamber 60 and supported by the rod 62 which is in engagement with the'inner wall of the tubular portion of the art Y of the casing 14. The head 63 of t e element 22 is in threaded engagement with the stem 64 which is mounted for movement in the bore 65 in the thickened wall 66 of the upper portion X of the casing 14. The bore 65 and the passage 58 intersect near the upward end of the former and the outward end of the latter. On suflicient expansion of the forced upwardly enough for the annular recess 67 to re ister with the passage 58. The element 22 ing fixed at its lower end liquid in the element 22 stem 64 will be the stem 64 being mounted for movement in its bore, .any suflicient ex ansion of the liquid in the element 22 wil result in operation of the stem 64 as the movable member of a valve to overn the outward or inward flow of a uid throu h the passage 58 and a erture 59. Imme 'ately on sufficiently owering the temperature of the liquid in the thermal element 22, contraction will ensue and the stem 64 will shut off ingress or egress of any force or influonce upon the element 23 and the small perforation 71, in the wall of the passageway 58, will relieve the vacuum or pressure, as the case may be, in the element 23, and permit the power exerted by the resilient member 41 to close the liquid valve 39, and thus by-pass the cooling medium from entering the radiator 8.

By the use of a proper tool applied at 68 the stem 64 may be lengthened or shortened to change the degree of temperature at which the force necessato operate the mechanical element 23 wil be admitted into the passage 58 and through the aperture 59. Generally. speaking, the cooling medium should be raised to from 170 to 180 degrees F. beforethe stem 64 and its annular recess the introduction of water vapor or other fluid to the fuel mixture, it is only necessary to employ the plug 47 construction from the mket 51 upward, as hereinbefore descri otherwise such construction of the plug 47 ma be omitted without in any manner inter ering with the proper functions of the other parts.

The pipe 17 which is connected at 19 in a manner to employ the force of artial vacuum or suction of the piston in e engine cylinders exerts a power to collapse the diaphragm or mechanical element 23 when not excluded by the stem 64 of the thermal element 22.

I do not limit, my invention to the employment of such force but consider that I am entitled to the use of compressed air for the operation of the mechanical element 23 with slight modifications in the structure.

In Fig. 3 is a slightly modified form of the lower engaging end of the link 36 with the ear 69, and the apertured ear of the valve 39 for attachment of the resilient element 41, when a fluid under compression is employed for operation of the valve 39.

In operation, when no vapor means is used or some other means for supplying vapor or other fluid to the fuel mixture is employed, the thermostat 22, and the mechanical element or diaphragm 23, constitute complete means for automatically operating valve means to by-pass a coo ing medium from circulation throu h a radiator until the temperature of the i uid medium is raised to 170 to 180 degrees ahrenheit or immediately the engine is stopped.

\Vhen the engine is first started the flow of the cooling medium is through the pump 10, pipe 11, water-jackets 5, outlet manifold 12, through nipple 24, imparting heat to the thermal element 22, and out through nipple 20, and througl ihpipe 16 to the pump 10, and so on. en the expansive liquid; within the element 22 is sufliciently expanded the stem 64 is moved enough to register the annular recess 67 with the passage 58 when the partial vacuum created in the pipe 17 by operation of the pistons in the engine cylinders. when the diaphragm 23 will collapse and 0 en the valve 39, and the cooling medium wi 1 be permitted to pass through the radiator.

Obviously at once the engine is stopped the resilient member 41 will close the valve 39 and normal condition of the parts will again be estabished.

Should the user want to employ the movement of the stem 33 to govern the flow of water vapor or other fluid to the zone of fuel mixture, the plug 47 is formed as indicated, Fig. 2. When the influence of a partial vacuum exhausts the air from the interior of the diaphragm 23 through the passage 58 and the aperture 59, the stem 33 will be u wardly to a position of register of the annu ar recess 52 and the passage 53 through the plug 47, when a water va r or other fluid from a source of supply wi 1 pass through the pipe 55 into the zone of fue mixture to be incor rated with the fuel which passes from t e carbureter into the intake manifold 6 into the engine cylinder or cylinders. Prom tly on. stopping the engine, the influence o vacuum W1 1 cease and the source of vapor or other fluid will be closed by the stem 33.

Should compressed air be preferred and the operation of the member 23 be reversed in addition to the changes in the structure shown in Fig. 3 of the drawings, the annular recess 52 in the stem 33 will be positioned above the passage 53 instead of below it as shown, an in such case a'source of compressed air supply will be provided.

It will be noted I have provided means including a valve to ermit the cooling medium to flow throng an auxiliary channel when the engine is not in operation, instead of pursuing the usual or direct course through the main or normal channel.

It will be understood considerable variation and change is possible in the details of the construction thus specifically shown and described, and I do not intend by illustrating a single specific or preferred embodiment of my invention to be limited thereto; my intention being in the ap nded claims to secure protection upon all t e novelty there may be in my invention as broadly as the state of the art will permit.

I claim as my invention:

1. In a thermal-controlled circulating systom, the combination of an engine linder and a water jacket therefor fuel ceding means, means including a radiator for supplying a cooling medium to the water jacket, means including a valve to by-pass the cooling medium through an auxiliary channel when the engine is not in, operation, a diaphragm normally inoperative and connected with the valve, and a thermal element bav-.

ing an independent valve for controlling the .operation of the diaphra 2. In a thermal-control ed circulating system, the combination of a plurality of engine cylinders each having a water jacket therefor, fuel feeding means, means including a radiator for supplying a cooling medium to the water jackets, means including a valve to by-pass the cooling medium through an auxiliary channel when the engine is not in operation, a diaphragm normally inoperative and connected with the valve, :1 thermal element having an independent valve to control the passage of a force to operate the diaphragm.

3. In athermal-controlled circulating system the combination of a plurality of engine cylinders each having a water jacket therefor, fuel feeding means, means including a tem, the combination of a iliary channel radiator for supplyinga cooling medium to the water jackets, means including a valve to b -pass the medium through-an auxiliary channel w en the engine is "not -in operation, a diaphragm normally inoperative a and connected to' said valve, a source of power to operate the diaphragm and its valve and an independent thermal element to render operative said source of power to actuate said diaphragm.

4. In a thermal-controlled circulating system, the combination of a plurality of cyhnders each having a water jacket therefor, fuel feeding'means, means including a radiator for supplying a cooling medium to the water jackets, means for forc' g the coohng medium through the water jackets of the cy inders, means including the cooling medium t channel when the en a die hragm norma y inoperative and con necte with the valve, a thermal element having a separate valve to control a force to operate the diaphragm.

I 5. In a thermal-controlled circulating sysplurality of eng ne cylinders each having a water jacket therefor, fuel feeding means, means including a radiator for supplying a cooling medium to the water jackets, means for forcing the cooling medium through the water jackets of the cylinders, means including a valve to by-pass the cooling medium through an auxiliary channel w on the engine is not in operation, a diaphragm normally inoperative and connected to said valve, a source of power to operate the diaphragm and its valve and an independent thermal element to render operative said source rough an auxiliary e is not in operation,

of power actuate the diaphragm.

6. In a thermal-controlled circulating system, the combination of a plurality'of engine cylinders each having a water jacket therefor, fuel feeding means,- means including a radiator for supplying a cooling medium to the water jackets, means forcin the coolin medium through the water jac ets of the cylinders, means including a valve to bypass the cooling medium through an auxwhen the engine is not in operation, a dialphragmjnormally inoperative and connecte power to operate the diaphragm and its valve, a thermal element to render operative szilid. source of power tol actuate the diar means or supp yi water va r so a s t: be combined with th e fuel mixtiiiga, and valve means carried by the diaphragm to govern the flow of water vapor to the fuel mixture according to heat conditions of the vapor.

.7. In athermal-controlled circulating sysa valve to by-pass to said'valve, a source of.

engine cylinders eachhaving a water jacket therefor and a radiator having cooling medium circulating tion with the water jackets of a casing hava qlurality of outlets and having within 'ap ragm normally inoperative, a valve within the and connected to the diaphragm, a source of power to operate the 'aphragm and its valve, and a thermal element to render operative said source of power to actuate the dia hra 8. In a thermal-contro ed circulating tem, the combination with a plurality of internal combustion engine cylinders each havmga water jacket t erefor and a radiator and cooling .medium circulating connection with the water jackets, of a casing ha liquid conduit therethrough, a valve conduit and normally spring closed, a diaphragm within the casing and in operative engagement with the valve, a source of power to operate the diaphragm and its valve, a

thermal element to render operative said radiator and cooling medium circulating connection with the water jackets, of a casinghaving a liquid conduit therethrough,

a valve in the conduit, a resilient member mounted to constantly urge the valve to closed position, a diaphragm in operative engagement with the valve, and thermal operated means to admit and exclude a force to actuate the diaphragm 10. In a thermal-controlled circulati system, the combination with a plurality internal combustion engine cylinders each having a water jacket thereforl'and a'radiator and cooling medium i .nection with the water "'ackets, of a casing having a conduit theret rough, a valve in the' conduit, a diaphra iagement with the vafv om the interior of the diaphragm outwardly, a thermal element, within the casing, having a valve stem in threaded engagement therewith and intersecting said fluid passage .to control a; force through said .p c to operate the diaphragm.

11. In, ermal-controlled valve means, a diaphragm operable by partial vacuum, means to exhaust the air, from the diaphragm and an independently operable .ermal element carrying the movable member of a valve, for controlling the operation of the diaphragm.

12. In thermal-controlled valve means, a casing having a liquid conduit therethrough and a plurality of liquid outlets, a diaphragm an a thermal element within the casi and a source of power to operate the diap agm.

a fluid passage circulating. conin operative enthrough the valve, a flui sage to operate the diaphra ai 'fluid passage an valve disposed dia 13. In thermal-controlled valve means, easing having a liquid conduit thereand aplurality of outlets therefrom, a valve in the conduit, means to constantly urge the valve. to closed position, a

diaphragm in o erative engagement with passage from within the diaphragm to the outside of the casing, a thermal element havin valve means to control the flow of a fluid through said asand its v ve.

14. In thermal-contro valve means, a casing ha a conduit therethrough, and a plurality o outlets therefrom, a valve in the conduit, means to constantly urge the valve to closed position, a diaphragm in o rative engagement withthe valve, a

' flui passage from within the diaphragm to the outside of the casing, pi connections between the fluid passa e an means to provide a partial vacuum an a thermal element having valve means to control the flow of a fluid through said passage to operate the dia hragm and its valve.

15. In ermal-controlled valve means,

a ha a conduit therethrough, a valve disposed m the conduit, means to constantly urge the valve to closed (position, a diaphragm within the casing an in operative engagement withthe valve, a fluid w from within the diaphragm to the outsie of the casing, pipe connections between the fluid passage and a source of force to operate the diaphragm, and a thermal element fixed at one end within the casand having a movable part of a valve at the other end to control said passage.

16. In thermal-controlled valve means, a casing having a conduit therethrough and a plurality of outlets therefrom, a valve in the conduit, means to constantly urge the valve to closed position, a diahragm within the casing and in operative L ent with the valve, a fluid passage from within the diaphragm to the outsi e of the casing, pi e connections between the a source of force to operate the diaphragm and a thermal element fixed at one end within the casing and having a movable member of a valve adjustably secured at the other end to predetermine the de of temperature at which the dia agm 18 efiective.

1?. In thermal-controlled valve means, a casing having a conduit therethrough, a

in the conduit, means to constantly urge the valve to closed position, a diaphragm within the casing and in operative engagement with the valve, a fluid passage from the diaphragm to the outside of the casing, pipe connections between the fluid and .a source of force to operate the hragm, a thermal element. fixed at one within the casing and having the movable member of a valve for said passage carried by the other end, and a source of force to operatethe diaphragm.

18. In a device of the class described, the combination of an engine having a c linder and a cooling fluid chamber around tile cylinder, meansfor supplying a cooling fluid to the chamber, a motor rable to regulate the temperature of t e cooling fluid 1n the chamber, and a valve automatically controlled for regulating the motive power supplied to the motor.

19. In a device of the class described, the combination of an engine having a cylinder and a. cooling fluid chamber around the cylinder, means for su plying a cooling fluid to the chamber, a t ermostat energized by the heat from the engine cylinder, a difl'erentlally energized motor for re latin the temperature of the cooling fluid 1n the c amber, and a valve operated by the thermostat for controlling the energy supplied to the difierentiall energized motor.

20. In-a evice of the class described, the combination of an engine having a cylinder and a cooling fluid chamber around the cylinder, means for providing a cooling fluid to the chamber, a motor adapted to be energized to regulate the temperature of the cooling fluid to the chamber, and an automatically operated valve for controlling the energizing of the said motor.

21. In a device of the class described, the combination of a cooling fluid duct, a valve therefor, a motor at one side of the valve for operating the valve, and a thermostat at the other side of the valve for controlling the operation of the motor.

22. In a device of the class described, the combination of a cooling fluid duct, a valve therefor, a thermostat, and independently operable mechanism controlled by the thermostat for actuatin the valve.

23. In a device 0 the class described, the combination of an engine and its carburetor, means for supplying a coolin fluid to the engine, 'a thermostatlc device or regulating the temperature of the cooling fluid, and means co-operating with the said thermostatic deviee for regulating the fuel mixture supplied to the engine by the carbureter.

24. In a device of the class described, the

' combination of an engine and its carbureter,

a jacket for said engine for providing a cooling fluid chamber, means for supplying a cooling fluid to said chamber, a thermostat for controlling the temperature of the cooling fluid in the chamber, means for supplying an ingredient to be combined with the fuel mixture furnished by the carbureter, and means controlled by said thermostat to regulate the supply of said ingredient.

25. The combination withan internal combustion engine and the cylinder walls thereof, ofmeans for maintaining-said cylinder walls at a safe and eficient operating tem rature, said means comprising means for i' adiating heat conducted from said jengine into the atmosphere, means responsive to the suction created by the engine during its normal oseration for varying the operation of sai radiating means, a conduit for connecting said suction responsive means with the source of suction, and ethermonsive means for controlling the ugh the conduit.

26. The com ination with an internal combustion engine and the. cylinder. walls thereof, of means for maintaining said cylmeans for controlling inder walls at a safe and eflicient operating temperature, said means comprising means for radiating heat conducted from said engine into the surrounding atmosphere, thermo-controlled means responsive to suction created by the engine during its normal operation for varying the operation of said radiatin means, and means adapted to position sai suction responsive means torender 'the radiating means least effective when the engine is stopped.

27. The combination of an internal combustion engine, a cooling system therefor, the cooling capacity of said system, means directly responding to suction for actuatmg the controlling means, and a thermostatic device govermng the operation of the means responding to suction.

28. The combination of an internal combustion engine, a cooling system therefor including aradiator, means for controlling the cooling efiect of the radiator, means directly respondin to suction roduced in the engine cylin ers for actuating the convarying the operation of said radiatingmeans, and thermo-responsive means for controlling the efi'ect of said suction on said suction responsive means.

In testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name.

CHARLES L. RAYFIELD.

need in the engine cylinders.

e combination with an, internal 

